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Illinois schools have a slightly larger windfall of new money coming their way compared to last year after lawmakers passed a $56 billion state budget late Sunday. An array of early childhood programs also will get more money, while other education initiatives maintained their funding levels or saw financial reductions from the year prior.

Within that multibillion dollar budget, K-12 schools are in line for $9.2 billion through the evidence-based funding formula, which is a $350 million increase over last year. The Illinois General Assembly’s budget is for the 2027 fiscal year, which runs from July 1, 2026, to June 30, 2027.

The increase is in line with a promise lawmakers made a decade ago to fully fund all districts through the evidence-based formula by adding $350 million each year for 10 years. But local education advocates continue to demand more funds for schools, pointing out that Illinois is not on track to meet its original goal of full funding by 2027.

The formula has led to a roughly $2 billion increase in state funding since 2017. Each year schools are guaranteed to receive at least the same amount of money they received the year before and higher-need districts are prioritized to get a larger share of the annual increase.

Top state officials highlighted the finalized budget allocations as a responsible choice in the face of an uncertain federal funding landscape, especially for public schools.

“The state of Illinois cannot undo every reckless decision being made in Washington, but we can choose what kind of state we’re going to be at this moment,” Senate President Don Harmon said in a Monday news conference.

With the exception of one year of flat funding in the past decade, lawmakers have stayed firm in their commitment to increase education funding annually, said Robin Steans, president of education advocacy group Advance Illinois. That’s not something to take for granted, she said, but that doesn’t mean there isn’t more work to be done. At the current funding pace, it could take another decade to fully fund Illinois schools, Steans said.

The Illinois State Board of Education has not yet calculated how much of an increase each school district will get under the evidence-based formula.

Chicago Public Schools is facing a $732 million deficit and the district has already tightened staffing and further cuts are likely to ensue, which only intensified demands for lawmakers to put more money into CPS in the weeks leading up to the end of the session.

What the state budget means for Chicago schools

For the first time in her 12 years of working as an English teacher at George Westinghouse College Prep in Humboldt Park, Melina Lesus experienced budget cuts at her school. In the past year, Lesus said students lost their choir and French classes.

The strained CPS budget is “slashing” her students’ choices, which is why she joined a large cohort of CTU members and other community advocates last week on a bus trip to Springfield to make their case for more education funding.

“Cuts to the arts, to sports, or to critical support staff tell our students, my children, that they are not worth the investment,” CTU financial secretary Diane Castro told reporters at the union’s news conference.

That sentiment didn’t change much after the budget was released. Stacy Davis Gates, president of both the Chicago Teachers Union and the Illinois Federation of Teachers, said in a statement that there is still “progress to be made” on providing adequate funding.

“Without further action from the General Assembly, our students will be hungrier. Our families will have less access to healthcare. Schools will be saddled with more unfunded mandates in a Blue state,” Gates said. “Leaving Springfield with those results would be as backwards as anything can be.”

Nationally, CPS’ debt stands out. The school system carries more than three times the average debt per capita compared to the other largest school districts in the country, according to a June report from the independent fiscal research group The Civic Federation.

This year’s budget does include money to update school buildings in Chicago. Millions of dollars were reappropriated for more than 160 schools to make improvements such as installing new windows, updating HVAC systems, and upgrading playgrounds.

Lawmakers also included a small increase in funding for the City Colleges of Chicago.

How money for statewide education programs stacked up compared to previous years

When it came to funding education-related programs, some fared better or worse than last year — and some made off just OK.

One new initiative receiving a $200,000 boost is the Illinois State Board of Education’s development of a new criteria for low-income population counts due to narrowed federal eligibility rules for programs like the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program. Illinois relies on children’s participation in federal social services to identify them in a school’s low-income population — a major factor in EBF funding. The new criteria seeks to avoid under-counting students from low-income families as more become unenrolled from federal programs.

The state budget delivered for the new Department of Early Childhood — which will oversee several programs serving Illinois’ youngest children starting July 1 — by allotting nearly $86 million toward its operations. Early intervention also got a financial bump of $15 million.

Other early childhood programs stayed at the same funding levels as the year before. That includes $212 million for the Smart Start Child Care Workforce Compensation Program, which supplies wages for early childhood educators.

Funding for public higher education institutions — known as the Monetary Award Program — was kept at a flat 1% increase. By not distributing more money to colleges and universities, Steans said costs will trickle down to students, forcing them to go out-of-state or not pursue higher education at all.

“I think historically we’ve treated higher education as discretionary: nice, but not necessary, a luxury,” she said. “Increasingly, it’s just not. We need students to earn those associate’s degrees and those bachelor’s degrees.”

Other notable state budget items passed this year include:

Correction: This story has been updated to reflect that the CPS deficit is $732 million.

Makiya Seminera is a reporter covering how the state and federal government affect education in Chicago and across Illinois. Contact Makiya at mseminera@chalkbeat.org.